Question on Western Civilization.

Western Civilian

1. Struggle between patricians & plebiant.

 Answer:The Struggle of the Orders was a climatic event that took place in the early Roman Republic. It was a conflict between the Patrician and Plebeian classes of Roman Society that saw the Plebeian Class demanding more rights.

The plebeians were the lower class.  They included everyone who was not a patrician.  They were sometimes just called plebs.

The patricians were the upper class. They were the wealthy landowners. All free adult males were citizens, no matter what their class.  In both classes, the oldest male was the paterfamilias or head of the family.  Old age was honored, and women had no rights.  If you could afford them, both classes owned slaves.  The houses of both classes were designed the same way unless you were too poor to own your own home.  Everyone worshipped the same gods, and observed the same festivals and holy days.  Everyone spoke Latin and everyone went to the baths and enjoyed the forum. Plebeians and Patricians rarely mixed socially. For a while, it was illegal for a pleb and patrician to marry. Under the Republic, that law was finally changed. Still, marriages between the classes was rare.

2. Puric wars(1st/2nd/3rd) wars with carthage.

Answer:

The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC. At the time, they were some of the largest wars. The term Punic comes from the Latin word Punicus (or Poenicus), meaning "Carthaginian",.

Punic Wars 1st War: First Punic War, also called First Carthaginian War (264–241 bce). First Punic War, also called First Carthaginian War.First of three wars between the Roman Republic and the Carthaginian (Punic) empire. The First Punic War was fought to establish control over the strategic islands of Corsica and Sicily. Finally Carthage surrendered, ceding Sicily and the Lipari Islands to Rome and agreeing to pay an indemnity.

Punic Wars 2nd War: The Second Punic War (aka The Hannibalic War) was fought between Carthage and Rome between 218 and 201 BCE. One must consider the reasons for tensions being high enough to cause a second war so soon after the first had ended. The causes of the war were a result of both Roman and Carthaginian actions. The duration of second war is about 17 years. The second punic war are won by Rome.

Punic Wars 3rd War: The Third Punic War was fought between Carthage and Rome between 149 and 146 BCE. after Carthage technically broke its treaty with Rome by declaring war against the neighboring state of Numidia, the Romans sent an army to North Africa, beginning the Third Punic War. The third punic war are also won by Rome.

3. Slave Remove led by spartacus

Answer:  Spartacus lived the life of a gladiator. He was basically a slave who was forced to fight for the entertainment of the Romans. Some of the fights were to the death.He became tired of risking his life for the entertainment of others. He wanted to escape and go home.

In 73 BC, seventy gladiators, with Spartacus as their leader, escaped from the gladiator school.As Spartacus continued to have success against the Roman army, more and more slaves began to desert their owners and join up with Spartacus. The Romans became increasingly scared and worried about this large force of slaves and gladiators moving about the country. They gathered a large army of around 50,000 soldiers under the leadership of Crassus. At the same time Pompey the Great was returning from another war. The two generals defeated the slave revolt and killed Spartacus . he Romans captured 6,000 slaves in the final battle. They crucified all 6,000 along a road called the Appian Way that went from Rome to Capua where the rebellion first began

4. Contribution of the Rome in western civilization.

Answer: The Romans were very good at copying other peoples ideas, but they rarely gave other civilizations credit for these ideas.  According to the ancient Romans, everything was invented by Romans.

 Architecture: The ancient Romans are referred to as the great builders, and they were. They developed many new techniques for buildings and construction.

Public Health Programs: The Romans were great believers in healthy living.  They made sure that all the people of Rome were able to get medical help.

Religion: The Catholic faith, which kept learning alive after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Roman Law/Politics: The ancient Roman republic allowed only Roman citizens to vote for leaders, who then created their laws. In ancient Rome, only adult free men could be citizens.

Works of Literature: The Romans wrote many plays including Virgil's Aeneid.

Satire:  The Romans used satire in plays and literature in a loud and rude sort of sarcastic approach, especially in comic theatre

Customs:  The Romans invented the use of rings to denote friendship, engagements, and weddings,

Roman Calendar: When Julius Caesar came to power, he decided to throw out the old calendar and invent a new one. The new calendar was Caesar's calendar. The new calendar had 365 days each year for three years, and 366 days on the fourth year, just like our calendar today.

Clothing: The Romans invented socks (called soccus by the ancient Romans) worn by both women and men. They improved footwear considerably for all kinds of shoes.

Games: Many board and ball games including knuckleball (jacks) and hoops.

5. Foundation of the Rome.

Answer: Romulus and Remus are the mythological twin brothers who founded the city of Rome. Romulus and Remus were twin boys born to a princess named Rhea Silvia. Their father was the fierce Roman god of war, Mars.The king where the boys lived was scared that someday Romulus and Remus would overthrow him and take his throne. So he had the boys left in a basket on the Tiber River. He figured they would soon die. But the boys did not die.

The twins eventually came to the place where Rome is located today. They both liked the general area, but each wanted to place the city on a different hill. Romulus went ahead and started building a wall around Palantine Hill. However, Remus was jealous and began to make fun of Romulus' wall. At one point Remus jumped over the wall to show how easy it was to cross. Romulus became angry and killed Remus. With Remus dead, Romulus continued to work on his city. He officially founded the city on April 21, 753 BC, making himself king, and naming it Rome after himself. From there he began to organize the city. He divided his army into legions of 3,300 men. He called his 100 most noble men the Patricians and the elders of Rome the Senate. The city grew and prospered. For over 1,000 years Rome would be one of the most powerful cities in the world.