Some Short Question and Answer of History of Europe.

History of Europe

1. The Renaissance of Europe.

Answer: The Renaissance was a period of time from the 14th to the 17th century in Europe. This era bridged the time between the Middle Ages and modern times. The word "Renaissance" means "rebirth".    The Renaissance was a time of "coming out of the dark". It was a rebirth of education, science, art, literature, music, and a better life for people in general.

     A big part of the Renaissance was a cultural movement called humanism. Humanism was a philosophy that all people should strive to be educated and learned in the classical arts, literature, and science.  The Renaissance started in Florence, Italy and spread to other city-states in Italy. The true geniuses of the Renaissance were great examples of this. Leonardo da Vinci was a master painter, sculptor, scientist, inventor, architect, engineer, and writer.

2. The Protestant Reformation.

Answer: The Reformation occurred during Renaissance times. It was a split in the Catholic Church where a new type of Christianity called Protestantism was born.

     During the Middle Ages, few people knew how to read and write. However, with the Renaissance, more and more people became educated and learned how to read. At the same time, the printing press was invented. People were able to read the Bible for themselves for the first time.

3. The Industrial Revolution of Europe.

Answer: The industrial revolution in Europe didn't happen overnight. The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period form about 1760 to sometimes between 1820 and 1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, the increasing use of steam power, the development of machine tools and the rise of the factory system. Textiles were the dominant industry of the Industrial Revolution in terms of employment, value of output and capital invested. The textile industry was also the first to use modern production methods. During Industrial revolution there was an effect all the europe. There are:

-Lead to the modern capitalist economy;    -Altered the daily lives of all people;

-Increase in per capita income;   -Economic and social gap;  -Increase in life expectancy;

-Increase in population;  -Urbanization;  -Organized labor;  -Increase in political participation

4. What was the French Revolution?

Answer: The French Revolution was a period of time in France when the people knock off the monarchy and took control of the government.

• When did it take place? : The French Revolution lasted 10 years from 1789 to

1799. It began on July 14, 1789 when revolutionaries stormed a prison called the Bastille.

• The French Estates: Before the French Revolution, the people of France were

divided into three social groups called "Estates."   Most of the people were members of the Third Estate and paid most of the taxes.

• Revolutionary Government : At the start of the revolution, representatives from

the Third Estate established the National Assembly where they demanded that King Louis XVI give them certain rights. This group soon took control of the country.

• Political Clubs: Many of the new political ideas and alliances of the French

Revolution were formed in political clubs.

• Outcome : The French Revolution completely changed the social and political

structure of France. It brought new ideas to Europe including liberty and the abolishment of slavery and the rights of women. Although the revolution ended with the rise of Napoleon, the ideas and reforms did not die.

5. The First World War

Answer:

World War-1 was a major conflict fought between 1914 and 1918 and fought between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers. The main members of the Allied Powers were France, Russia, and Britain. The United States also fought on the side of the Allies after 1917. The main members of the Central Powers were Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria.

Where was most of the fighting? : The majority of the fighting took place in Europe along two fronts: the western front and the eastern front.

How did it start? Although there were a number of causes for the war, the assassination of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand was the main catalyst for starting the war. After the assassination, Austria declared war on Serbia. Then Russia prepared to defend its ally Serbia. Next, Germany declared war on Russia to protect Austria. This caused France to declare war on Germany to protect its ally Russia. Germany invaded Belgium to get to France which caused Britain to declare war on Germany. This all happened in just a few days.

How did it end?:The fighting ended on November 11, 1918 when a general armistice was agreed to by both sides. The war officially ended between Germany and the Allies with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.

6. The Second World war

Answer: World War II was fought between the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy, Japan) and the Allied Powers (Britain, United States, Soviet Union, France). Most of the countries in the world were involved in some way. It was the deadliest war in all of human history with around 70 million people killed.

When was it? : World War II started in 1939 when Germany invaded Poland. Great Britain and France responded by declaring war on Germany. The war in Europe ended with Germany's surrender on May 7, 1945. The war in the Pacific ended when Japan surrendered on September 2, 1945.

Where was it? : World War II started in Europe, but spread throughout the world. Much of the fighting took place in Europe and in Southeast Asia (Pacific).