Faerie Queene Question and Answer

 Faerie Queene:

Broad Question:

1.      Evaluate the Faerie queene book 1 as a moral allegory? Complete

2. comment on the major themes of Faerie queene book 1?

Answer:  Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory. The major themes of Faerie Queene are love, religion, politics, morality and ethics, Justice and judgment, appearances and loyalty.  Now I make my comment on major themes of Faerie Queene in bellow:

Love: If there's one thing that unites this otherwise massive, unwieldy poem it's love. Whether good or bad, female or male, knight or monster chances are that love, romance, or sexual desire plays an important role in every character's actions and identity. Spenser really wants us to think about how we distinguish between true, life-long love and infatuation and inconsequential little crushes. Almost every happily ended storyline in the poem ends with an engagement. In the world of The Faerie Queen, all you need is love.

Religion: Spenser's The Faerie Queene was written at a time when religious affiliation was seriously important. Religion informs almost every aspect of The Faerie Queene, from the motivations of the main characters to the representation of villains… many villains embody some stereotype of other religions.

 Politics: The Faerie Queene was written during the Reformation, a time of religious and political controversy. After taking the throne following the death of her half-sister Mary, Elizabeth changed the official religion of the nation to Protestantism.[6] The plot of book one is similar to Foxe's Book of Martyrs, which was about the persecution of the Protestants and how Catholic rule was unjust.[7] Spenser includes the controversy of Elizabethan church reform within the epic. Gloriana has godly English knights destroy Catholic continental power in Books I and V.[8] Spenser also endows many of his villains with "the worst of what Protestants considered a superstitious Catholic reliance on deceptive images".[9]

Justice and judgment: Justice is the explicit theme of Book V of the The Faerie Queene, but it's a topic that is significant throughout the poem. Judgment in particular is constantly used (and abused!) when characters face challenging, confusing, and potentially dangerous situations. Since we also know that appearances can be deceiving in The Faerie Queene, judgment is also an essential tool to differentiate between the good and the bad, and the true and the false.

Appearances: Appearances are tricky in The Faerie Queene. There are a bunch of artificial objects (and even artificial people, like the False Florimell) floating around. This shows us that becoming overly attached to what you see, instead of what you know or believe, can often lead down a path that is no kind of good. But just to keep us on our toes, Spenser throws in some instances where appearances aren't deceiving. The magic mirror of Merlin, for example, that shows Britomart the face of her destined love, Arthegall. Appearances are tricky in this book… because they aren't always tricky.

Loyalty: Loyalty is a particularly important concept in the universe of The Faerie Queene because it doesn't only govern relationships between lovers, or between knights who already know each other. It also governs the bond formed between knights who have just met and don't know each other at all. We can usually immediately figure out if a knight is a "good guy" because he immediately assumes a knightly loyalty toward all well-intentioned knights.

3. Character analysis: Red cross knight, Lady una, Archimage and Duessa

Answer:  Red Cross Knight:  Hero of Book 1. Introduced in the first canto of the poem, he bears the emblem of Saint George, patron saint of  England; a red cross on a white background is still the flag of England. The Redcross Knight is declared the real Saint George in  Canto X. He also learns that he is of English ancestry, having been stolen by a Fay and raised in Faerieland. In the climactic battle of Book 1, Redcrosse slays the dragon that has laid waste to Eden. He marries Una at the end of  Book 1, but brief appearances in Books 2 and 3 show him still questing through the world.

Lady una: Una, the personification of the " True Church". She travels with the Redcross Knight(who represents ENgland), Whom she has recruited to save her parents' castle from a dragon. She aslo defeats Duessa, who represents the "false""(Catholic) church and the person of Mary, Queen of Scots, in a trial reminiscent of that which ended in Mary's beheading. Una is also representative of Truth.

Archimago: Archimago, an evil sorcerer who is sent to stop the knights in the service of the Faerie Queene. Of the Knights, Archimago hates Redcrosse most of all, hence he is symbolically the nemesis of England.

Duessa: Duessa is "duplicity," the opposite of Una ("Truth"). She is first seen as paramour to the evil knight Sansfoy ("Faithlessness") and lies about her identity to Redcrosse in an attempt to seduce him. She eventually succeeds in winning Redcrosse's favor and dragging him into Orgoglio's dungeon, but her efforts are undone by the intervention of Una and Prince Arthur.

Duessa appears later in the epic as part of the negative tetrad of Blandamour, Paridell, Ate and herself. She is put on trial and executed in Book 5.

4. Analyze the major figure of speech in Faerie queene? Or Discuss the faerie queene is an allegory. (same as penser’s treatment of good and evil..)

6. The description of major battles Red cross knight and The dragon,Red cross knight and Orgoglo? Ok done Same as penser’s treatment of good and evil.

7. short notes on: House of holiness, house of pride, The three heathen knight sansfoy, sansjoy and sanslaw.

House of Holiness:  Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  

The House of Holiness is the virtuous counterpart to the House of Pride. It is accessed by a narrow path (cf. Matthew 7:13); the porter is Humility, and the mistress of the House is Dame Caelia, which means “heavenly.” Whereas the House of Pride was the abode of the seven deadly sins, the House of Holiness shelter’s Dame Caelia’s daughters, whose names mean “Faith,” “hope,” and “charity” (the three highest virtues as recorded in 1 Corinthians 13). The House of Holiness is managed by Caelia, who has three daughters: Fidelia, Speranza, Charissa.

House of pride:   Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  

A porter, Idleness, leads Redcrosse along a broad path to the House of Pride, a direct reference to Matthew 7:13 (“broad is the way that leads to destruction“). Lucifera, mistress of the House of Pride, is the chief of the seven deadly sins (Pride, Sloth, Gluttony, Lechery, Avarice, Envy, and Wrath).. Her name is a feminization of Lucifer, a name for Satan in Christian theology. Satan is said to have committed the sin of pride when he saw himself as better than his Creator. Similarly, Lucifera as pride is Redcrosse’s gateway into the other sins; if Redcrosse is more prone to any sin than others are, it is his pride in his personal power. Allegorically, we see how an individual’s holiness can become dangerously like pride if it is focused on the self rather than on God.

The three heathen knight sansfoy, sansjoy and sansloy: These troublesome brothers in Book 1 are seriously lacking. Their names literally mean "without faith" (Sansfoy), "without joy" (Sansjoy), and "without law" (Sansloy), so it's no wonder they aren't the most fulfilled trio you've ever met. In the text they're identified as "Saracens," which is a term usually applied to Muslims, but could mean anyone in general who didn't believe in Christianity (and during Spenser's time, people were not particularly tolerant of this). Because these brothers aren't Christians, Spenser imagines that they therefore must be lacking, lacking the true faith, and the joy and rules that come with in. Without these three qualities, the brothers play by their own rules, chasing women and fighting with knights. For Redcrosse, their main antagonist, grappling with these brothers represents a confrontation with religious doubt.

1. We can die by it, if not live by love,        

  And if unfit for tomb or hearse    

  Our legend be, it will be fit for verse;

Answer:  These line have been taken from the poem “The Canonization” by John Donne. The Canonization By John Donne is a metaphysical poet where the poet tags himself as a lover.

In the third stanza, the speaker reacts to apparent name-calling on the part of the outsider, insisting that he and his beloved are “flies” (in the diction of his age, moths or butterflies) or “tapers” (candles), which gain fullness of life even as they consume themselves. (Renaissance English poets commonly employed the word “die” as a sexual pun, based on the folk belief that each orgasm shortened one’s life by a day.) Likening the physically and spiritually united lovers to the phoenix, a mythical bird that was thought to erupt into flame and then be resurrected from its own ashes, the speaker claims that they are proven “mysterious” (in the spiritual sense) by this ideal love. This constitutes the climax or turning point of this small drama.

2. So let us melt, and make no noise,

    No tear-floods, nor sigh-tempests move;

   'Twere profanation of our joys

    To tell the laity our love.

Answer: These line have been taken from the poem “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” by John Donne.  Forbidding Mourning” begins with an image of death and mourning. In the poem  of second stanza use of the word “melt” in the first line evokes an image of warmth and of gradual motion rather than the more explosive “tear-floods” and “sigh-tempests”. These comparisons both take two things often related to mourning and sadness (tears and sighs) and turn them into stormy, grandiose expressions which seem unrealistic when examined through the lens of what a normal human can accomplish. No human can create a flood with their eyes or a storm with their breath. The following two lines, “’Twere profanation of our joys/To tell the laity of our love” use several words which begin the process of elevating the speaker’s love to sacredness. The speaker uses the word profanation, a word which typically means the desecration of something sacred or the degradation of anything worthy of veneration. In this case, their “joys” are the thing which would be defiled, a sentiment which elevates their love beyond the human sphere. The speaker also uses “laity”, which refers to anyone who is not a clergyman. In this way, it would be defilement of their joys to speak of their love as anything but holy.

3.      Our Two soules therefore which are one

Through I must goe, endure not yet

A breach but an expansion

Like gold to ayery thinnesse beate

Answer: These line have been taken from the poem “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” by John Donne.  Forbidding Mourning” begins with an image of death and mourning.  This poem is typical of Donne's work in that it is set on a particular dramatic occasion. The speaker, a man about to take a long journry, says goodbye("Valediction") to the woman he loves, telling her not to cry or feel sad("Forbidding mourning").

 Now we are hot and heavy with Donne's theology. He is practically quoting the Old Testament book of Genesis here, which establishes marriage as making two individuals into one unit. Like any good metaphysical poet, Donne doesn't shy away from a paradox. He deliberately uses the  The poet considering there parting not as breach rather as expansion because the souls are compared to a lump of gold beaten thinner than paper. Their separation does not resemble a division, but instead an expansion into a thin golden foil.

4.      Such wilt thoy be to mee who must

Like Thother foot, obliquely runne

Thy firmnes makes my circle just

And makes me end where I begunne

Answer: These line have been taken from the poem “A Valediction Forbidding Mourning” by John Donne.  Forbidding Mourning” begins with an image of death and mourning.  This poem is typical of Donne's work in that it is set on a particular dramatic occasion. The speaker, a man about to take a long journry, says goodbye("Valediction") to the woman he loves, telling her not to cry or feel sad("Forbidding mourning").

 The end of the poem spells out the metaphor and winds down the poem with more praise for his wife. Line thirty-three connects the fixed foot firmly with his wife. This stanza is similar to what is called the 'turn' in a sonnet (Donne wrote lots and lots of those). Everything before the turn is metaphorical and convoluted, but now at the end he makes everything plain. Of course Donne means that the center foot makes a circle accurate and perfectly round, but "just" also carries with it a legal or even moral connotation. It's possible that Donne is saying that the faithfulness of his wife will keep him from straying while he is away.  

The last line has a nice ring of finality to it. We've really come full circle. Seriously though, this line is Donne's final promise, his final reason why they shouldn't mourn at his parting: if they are both firm and strong, he will be back soon enough—right where he belongs.

1. The Description of major battles Red Cross Knight and Dragon?

Answer:  Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

     From the history of the Epic we come to know that Una is a daughter of a king whose country has been ruined by a dragon. Her life is also under threat. So,  his daughter Una comes to Queen Gluriana to seek help and her father's Kingdom.  As result, Queen Gluriana employees The Red Cross night to saved the ruined Kingdom.

   Upon entering Una’s country, the pair see a huge dragon and a high tower that holds captive Una’s parents. Red Cross and the dragon immediately begin their fight, which lasts an entire day. Finally, Red Cross is able to injure the dragon, but, in return, the dragon breathes fire on Red Cross, burning him in his armor and causing him to fall into a spring. Believing he is victorious, the dragon rests as night falls. Una prays all night for the recovery of Red Cross, and, in the morning, Red Cross rises from the spring with his strength restored. Another day of fierce fighting follows, which again causes injury to both the dragon and to Red Cross. As the day ends, the wounded Red Cross falls at the foot of a blessed tree, whose stream of balm restores the knight for yet another day of fighting. On the third day, the dragon approaches Red Cross with open jaws, intending to eat the knight and to end the battle. Red Cross, though, pierces the throat of the dragon, finally killing the beast. Una steps forward to thank God and the brave knight for a great victory.

     With the dragon killed, the land is freed from its captivity and, rejoicing, the inhabitants honor Red Cross as their hero. Thus the encounter between the Red Cross Knight and The Dragon presents the allegorical significance of the Epic poem.

2.                  Battle between Red Cross Knight and Orgoglio.

Answer: Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

     From the history of the Epic we come to know that Una is a daughter of a king whose country has been ruined by a dragon. Her life is also under threat. So,  his daughter Una comes to Queen Gluriana to seek help and her father's Kingdom.  As result, Gloriana, the Faerie Queene, sent Redcrosse to kill the dragon and free her parents, but that brave knight now lies captive to a giant. Because The giant Orgoglio overpowers Redcrosse, puts him in prison, and takes Duessa as his mistress. Arthur swears to free Redcrosse and goes with them to the gate of the giant's castle. There, he blows his great horn, summoning out Orgoglio; Duessa follows, riding on a seven-headed beast. The giant attacks, and misses with his first blow; Arthur then hacks off his arm. Meanwhile, the squire tries to hold off the seven-headed beast, but he is drugged by Duessa and nearly killed. Arthur, furious, cuts off one of the heads of the beast. But Orgoglio knocks him down from behind and would have killed him had not Arthur unveiled his shield, which blinded both beast and giant. Now the knight brings the giant to the ground and chops off his head. Seeing Arthur victorious, Una runs into the castle and finds the dungeon where her knight lies. Redcrosse has been weakened almost unto death, and he must be helped out by Una and Arthur. Once outside, they take Duessa and strip her, so that Redcrosse can see that she is truly a witch. Then, they leave her to flee into the woods as they rest in the castle, victorious.

3. Analyze the major figure of Speech in Faerie Queene?( symbol, personification, imagery, epic simile, metaphor)

Answer: Faire Queene is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

    From the history of the Epic we have found the following figure of Speech:

·         Allegory: each leading character in the twelve projected books was to embody one virtue or quality, taken together, they would characterize a truly noble person.

·         Spenserianstanza: Spensor Introduce spenserianstanza in Fairee Quinee. spenserianstanza is a nine-line stanza consisting of eight iambic.

·         Symbol: Spenser employs name symbolism throughout his work to convey what a character is intended to represent. The name Fidessa means “faith”, suggesting that Fidessa is meant to represent faith.

·         Personification allegory: The Faerie Queene is called a personification allegory because each character represents something in Spenser's anti-Catholic, pro-Church of England theme.

·         Canto: The Faerie Queene is divided into cantos, which is a form of writing that divides the text into smaller portions than you would find in a chapter.

·         Eclogue: An eclogue is poem written in classical style dealing with pastoral subjects.

·         Pastoral Poetry: Presents an idealized view of life, rather than a realist's point of view.

·         National Epic: An epic that tries to capture the essence of the country of its origin.

·         Simile: In The Faerie Queene, Spenser remains true to this tradition. Epic similes, also called Homeric simile, are a third textual epic convention. There are many examples of this convention in The Faerie Queene. For example, comparing Error's defiling 'quality' to the flooding of the Nile and the mudd it leaves,  “As when old father Nilus gins to swell/With timely pride above the Aegyptian vale,/His fattie waves do fertile slime outwell,/And overflow each plaine and lowly dale:/But when his later spring gins to avale,/Huge heapes of mudd he leaves,”

      Spencer has been introduced a lot of different types of figure of speech in his famous epic The Faerie Queene. Here there is the significance of the Epic.

Fight between Red cross knight and Orgoglio

Answer:  In the epic poem Faerie Queen by Edmund Spenser a dreadful and fiery fight takes place  in canto 7 between Red cross knight and the giant orgoglio. when the duessa shouts the knight sees a horrible creature who is coming toward them. The giant is so huge that he seems to touch the sky. The giant body is full of wind and also full of sinful thoughts and feelings. When he finds the knight he attacks the knight very aggressively. The knight has no option but has to fight with that monster creature. As the knight becomes weak by having the water of the spring. Therefore, he cannot fight strongly against the powerful prodigy. For that reason, the giant easily defects the Red cross knight and when He is going to kill the red cross knight. Then duessa cries out and tells not to kill him on that occasion. The giant orgoglio  accepts duessa’s request and takes her as his miss-tress and also imprisons the Red cross knight in his dungeon for further physical and mental tortures.

 This is how the battle ends. But the significance of battle is that the Red cross night loses his physical and moral strength by drinking poison water from spring, and having sex with the witches duessa. By commuting these sins the holiness actually defects with the hand of a giant orgoglio.

·         Explain : Book-1 Canto 3, Stanza 31:

 Much like, as when the beaten marinere,

 That long hath wandred in the Ocean wide,

 Oft soust in swelling Tethys saltish teare,

 And long time hauing tand his tawney hide

 With blustring breath of heauen, that none can
bide,

 And scorching flames of fierce Orions hound,

 Soone as the port from farre he has espide,

 His chearefull whistle merrily doth sound,

 And Nereus crownes with cups; his mates him
pledg a-round.

Answer: These Stanza have been taken
from Book 1 canto 3 of the poem “The Fairy Queen” by Edmund Spenser. It
 is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.
In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and
Reformation elements.

 From the stanza of  Book 1 canto 3 of the poem we come to know that Una's love for the Red Cross Knight is also remarkable. She loves him deeply.  All this while the Lady Una, lonely and forsaken, was roaming in search of her lost Knight. But  When Una suddenly sees what she thinks is the banner of Redcrosse, she's overjoyed and rides to him, asking him where he's been and telling him how happy she is to finally see him. Archimago, pretending to be Redcrosse, says he would never leave her and that he had only left to go on a quest that is now over.

   For her Knight she does not have any ill will or jealousy; she has no words of reproach of indignation, of cold reserve. On the other hand, meeting her Knight she exclaims with great joy. Whenever she talks of the Red Cross Knight, she speaks endearingly of him.

Book-1
canto 10, stanza-57

 Faire knight (quoth he) Hierusalem that is,

The new Hierusalem, that God has built

For those to dwell in, that are chosen his,

His chosen people purg'd from sinfull guilt,

With pretious bloud, which cruelly was spilt

On cursed tree, of that unspotted lam,

That for the sinnes of all the world was kilt:

Now are they Saints all in
that Citie sam,

More
deare unto their God, then younglings to their dam.

 Answer: These Stanza have been
taken from Book 1 canto 3 of the poem “The Fairy Queen” by Edmund Spenser. It
 is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.
In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and
Reformation elements.

   From the stanza of  Book 1 canto 10 of the poem we come to know  

Q. Discuss the faerie queene is an allegory.

Or , Describe the moral and spiritual allegory.

Or, What pictorial quality do you find in Fairy Queen.

Or, Spenser’s treatment of good and evil.

Or Who is monster error? Describe the importance of the fight between the monster error and Red Cross night.

Answer: Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

    From the history, we come to know that the Roman Catholic Church becomes the main centre of the whole  world.

      In the middle age, the influence of the church is very dangerous Getting excessive opportunity the priests  are engaged in corruption. Because of the corruption the  people are aware of it and they wanted to reform the church. At this time, Martin luther King wants to reform the church.

    From the history of the Epic we come to know that Una is a daughter of a king whose country has been ruined by a dragon. Her life is also under threat. So,  his daughter Una comes to Queen Gluriana to seek help and her father's Kingdom.  As result, Queen Gluriana employees The Red Cross night to saved the ruined Kingdom. Next, Una and Red Cross night set to a journey. They go through a wood. Suddenly, there start a stormy atmosphere and heavy rain. Actually, the wood is so deep that they do not see anything as the poem:

" led with delight, they thus beguile the way,

until the blustering storm is overblowne".

At one stage, the storm winds up and they again start their journey. At this time, they are lost. At last, they go near a cave. But the night is not afraid of it. He says that man's purity saves him from his danger. Actually, it is the cave of the monster error that is a horrible creature. When the night pose into the inside part of the cave he notices a wonderful creature. Actually the wonderful creature has to face a women and its part is like a Serpent. The horrible creature has creature has lot of young ones. When the light of the shield falls upon the eyes of the young ones, they enter into the inside part of the Monster erro. As the poet describe:

" Soone as that uncouth light upon them shone,

Into her mouth they crept, and suddain all were gone."

Next, The Monster error comes at the cave and it becomes very angry. All this time Jesus Christ and to pray to him. Then the Knight impose all of his strength and is able to free one of his hands. The knight presses the thought of the monster and it begins to vomit. Actually its vomit consists of books and papers. It also consists of frogs and toads. They are blind and have no eyes. As the poet presents:

    " Her vomit full of books and papers was, With loothly frogs and toads, which eyes did lacke."

At last, the night is able to cut off the monster head and finally kills it. In this way, Spencer has used the allegory and significance in the epic.

  Though the description of the Epic poem, Spencer has been able to preset the Reformation elements, the Renaissance element and political elements at the same time. Here there is the significance of the Epic.

   Or

Thus the encounter between the Red Cross Knight and The Monster error presents the allegorical significance of the Epic poem.

·         Story of Fradubio’s

Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

      From the history of the Epic we come to know that Fidessa, a young and beautiful maiden. Duessa is accompanied by Sansfoy, whom Red Cross kills in a fierce fight. Duessa and Red Cross then rest under a pair of trees. To Red Cross’s surprise, one of the trees begins to speak, describing how it was once a young knight named Fradubio who was traveling with his fair Fraelissa. Fradubio explains how he met a beautiful maiden, was enamored of her, and fought for her hand. The beautiful maiden then turned Fraelissa into a tree to end Fradubio’s love for Fraelissa, and later, after Fradubio saw his new love bathing and realized that she was actually an old and loathsome witch (Duessa), Fradubio himself is turned into a tree by the witch. Red Cross fails to understand the warning, and he and Duessa soon continue their journey.

* How did Archimago manage separate Red cross and Lady una.

Answer: Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

    Archimago is a sorcerer in The Faerie Queene by Edmund Spenser. In the narrative, he is continually engaged in deceitful magic’s, as when he makes a false Una to tempt the Red-Cross Knight into lust, and when this fails, conjures another image, of a squire, to deceive the knight into believing that Una was false to him. When Red Cross He and his lady Una travel together as he fights the dragon Errour, then separate as the wizard Archimago tricks the Red Crosse Knight in a dream to think that Una is unchaste. After he leaves, the Red Crosse Knight meets Duessa, who feigns distress in order to entrap him.

·         Battle between sansfoy with Red cross knight

Answer:  Fairy Queen is famous epic of Edmund Spenser.  In the epic, the Epic poet craftily presents The Renaissance and Reformation elements. Though the use of the elements, the epic poet presents the different type of allegory.  As a result in the epic poem, the epic poet has presented religious, political and spiritual allegory.

   Distraught, Red Cross leaves alone the next morning and soon meets the old witch Duessa, disguised as Fidessa, a young and beautiful maiden. Duessa is accompanied by Sansfoy, whom Red Cross kills in a fierce fight.

Poetry Question and Answer

A valediction Forbidding

1. Profanation - [ex]

Answer: This is a word from one of the most famous poems in English, John Donne's "A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning."  In this poem  Profanation is the noun form of the verb to profane. It  means irreverence or   degradation of something worthy of respect; cheapening.

2. How the trepidation earth and spheres it's different?

Answer: Everything above the earth moved in spheres: the moon, planets, the stars and sun. The spheres were concentric—picture those Russian nesting dolls. Those spheres moved in their own patterns, but different motions, vibrations, and alignments created what they referred to as "celestial music" and that divine symphony controlled everything in the universe—from the creation of planets and stars to what you are going to eat for breakfast.

   Now "trepidation" usually means to be afraid or anxious, but this older meaning actually means to make a literal trembling motion. So Donne is referring to the trembling motions and vibrations of the heavenly bodies

3. Why is the poet considering there parting not as breach rather as expansion? (A breach, but an expansion)

Answer: The poet considering there parting not as breach rather as expansion because the souls are compared to a lump of gold beaten thinner than paper. Their separation does not resemble a division, but instead an expansion into a thin golden foil.

4. Compass-[ex];

Answer: John Donne's metaphysical poem " A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning" employs metaphysical conceits  metaphors that are apparently paradoxical. Donne employs a mathematical metaphor with the instrument of a compass that was used on maps to measure distance. In this metaphor, like the gold that is refined into a thinner, more beautiful piece, the one leg of the compass anchors the other that stretches for [travels] across the map, leaning some to accommodate the reach of the other leg, and strengthening the extension of this leg. Through the two metaphors of gold and the compass, both of which are "refined" or made better by the poet's distance from his wife, a distance that strengthens their spiritual love.

The Sunne Rising

1. How could poet prove sun weak?

Answer: In the poem the Sunne Rising the poet try to prove sun weak.  The poet personifies the sun as a “busy old fool”. He asks why it is shining in and disturbing “us”, who appear to be two lovers in bed. The sun is peeking through the curtains of the window of their bedroom, signaling the morning and the end of their time together. The poet then suggests that the sun go off and do other things rather than disturb them, such as going to tell the court huntsman that it is a day for the king to hunt, or to wake up ants, or to rush late schoolboys and apprentices to their duties.

2. All wealth alchimic[ex]

Answer: This line has been taken from The Sunne Rising by john donne. Here the poet want to tell that Alchemy is the ancient search for a method for turning metals into gold. By Donne's time, science had more or less debunked that myth and anyone claiming to have found the secret to alchemy was likely thought of as a con artist.

3. How can you get an idea of old ptolemaic system of the universe from this poem?

Answer: I can get an idea about  old ptolemaic system from the  poem when the poet tells that Shine on our bed, into the whole room; that way this will become your solar system with you revolving around us.  Here thy sphere refers  your solar system. Donne has the Ptolemaic model of the cosmos in mind, with the bed the focal point around which the sun revolves.

Death be not Proud

1. Who are the muster ruler of death and why?

Answer: Man are the master ruler of death because Death has to play by the rules just as humans do. In the example of death being a slave to a king is suggesting that death is less powerful than a mortal is. If a king can order another person to death and by what means he pleases, death again is at command and is subordinate to a man. Therefore man should not fear death because man can control death.

2. Why poppie/Charmes stroke better than death?

Answer: Donne almost seems to poke fun at death's inflated sense of itself, telling it that, in reality, it is a "slave to Fate, Chance, kings, and desperate men."Even in its capability to bring rest it is not the best, because "poppie or charms can make us sleep as well." Death’s influence is not final, nor even long-lasting; the speaker says that "One short sleep past wee wake eternally."

3. How the poet treating death.

Answer:  Donne creates and image of death that is not mysterious, not in control, and a slave of low status.  He does this by undermining the idea of death as bound to the rules of "fate, chance, kings, and desperate men." He insists that death is no more powerful than any mortal is.

Directed to death, "thou art slave" forms an unthreatening stance of death because slaves are not threatening.A slave is bound in submission to a master therefore having no say in what he or she can do.

Go and Catche a falling Starre

1. Mention the plethorn of near inplausible? [ 7 impossible task]

Answer: the seven impossible tasks are:  Go and catch fallen Star ,  mandret Root,  past years,

 devil's fort,  mermaid singing, Envy and progress honest mind.

2. Poet misogynistic approch?

Answer: Go and catch a falling star’ seems to endorse the misogynistic belief that all women (or all beautiful women, anyway – just to make it worse) are unfaithful and shouldn’t be trusted.

3. Why he has use the word pilgrimage?

Answer: The poet use the word pilgrimage because the poet’s mention of a pilgrimage to see a fair and faithful woman has a slightly sarcastic touch. Even his conclusion that she will be false, ere the poet come, to two or three, has a satiric stroke.

The Canonization

1. How is the world course going on you respective poet love?

Answer:  The world course going on us respective poet love in many ways. "The Canonization" starts with the poem's speaker wanting to be left alone. The speaker offers up plenty of other stuff for this other person to make fun of, like his tremors, gray hair, thin wallet, or even his gout.

Then he
changes course and tells this person to focus instead on making money, taking a
class, studying the arts, or observing folks like lawyers, bishops, or the
king's face. Essentially the speaker says, "Do whatever you want, pal,
just leave me alone."

2. The phoenis -[ex]

Answer: The lovers think of themselves as something a bit nobler than a fly, like an eagle or a dove. Or, the speaker reasons, maybe a phoenix is a more appropriate metaphor for these crazy kids. The phoenix was a kind of immortal bird which, when it died, had a new version of itself rise from its dead body. According to the lover, the riddle of Phoenix is there in their existence. They have two bodies, but they are one.  Like the Phoenix, they die and they rise from their ashes.

3. Justification title  of the canonization.

Answer:  "The Canonization" is a poem by English metaphysical poet John Donne.  The poem's title serves a dual purpose: while the speaker argues that his love will canonize him into a kind of sainthood, the poem itself functions as a canonization of the pair of lovers.

4. Important this poem to the poet [duement of love]

Answer: "The Canonization" is a poem by English metaphysical poet John Donne. First published in 1633, the poem is viewed as exemplifying Donne's wit and irony. It is addressed to one friend from another, but concerns itself with the complexities of romantic love: the speaker presents love as so all-consuming that lovers forgo other pursuits to spend time together. In this sense, love is asceticism, a major conceit in the poem.

Twicknam Garden

1. Why the poet is calling himself traitor?

Answer: The poet is calling himself traitor. Because though he wanted to start a new life, he brought into that garden of glory, his love; and his love was now not completely pure.

2. Spider love -[ex]

Answer: The poet  brought into that garden of glory, his love; and his love was now not completely pure. He calls it a spider’s love. A spider lives off filth and dirt

3. True paradise-[ex]

Answer: The garden of Adam and Eve was a paradise till the serpent came along and spoiled it. The speaker the garden he was in now was also a paradise. But akin to that text, he brought a serpent, his love, into this garden and made this a paradise in the truest of sense.

4. How is the environment humiliating the poet?

Answer: In Donne, there is an affirmation of cool detachment and self-possession in the face of something that upsets him. He shows a response and congeals at worst into cold self-righteousness. Donne’s wit exhibits a cool sanity and a wary openness which goes much beyond the refusal of facile commitment or sardonic amusement at the way the world goes.

5. Poet misogynists approach?

Answer: The speaker says that the tears that does not taste like his’s are all false. The speaker laments the inability to see a woman’s heart clearly. Because of this, he says only the woman knows the truth and her truth causes a lot of pain to her lover.

6. Perverse sexe-[ex]

Answer: The poet calls the sex perverse. He says that because he believes in love, nothing is true but she. He believes so because it is said that ‘truth brings pain’. And she is true, because she brings a lot of pain to her lover.

Mixed short question and answer of English hons(Caedmon’s Hymn Poem France rev

• Long Term Cause of First World War-1

World War I began in June of 1914, and is considered to have five major causes that led to the outbreak of the war.  These five causes include the four long-term causes (militarism, alliances, imperialism and nationalism) discussed in this reading and one short-term cause (the assassination of Franz Ferdinand).  The four long-term causes are as follows:

MILITARISM: The first long-term cause of World War I is militarism. In the decades before World War I many European countries began to practice militarism and worked to expand and strengthen their military forces.

ALLIANCES: The second long-term cause of World War I was the system of alliances that existed in the years before the outbreak of war in 1914.  When World War I began Europe divided between two separate alliance systems.  Britain, France and Russia made up the Triple Entente while Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy made up the Triple Alliance. The assassination of Austro-Hungarian archduke Franz Ferdinand and the resulting crisis between Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire caused each system of alliances to enact and World War I began.

​IMPERIALISM: The third main cause of World War I was European imperialism that occurred in the 1800’s and early 1900’s before World War I erupted in 1914.  Imperialism is understood as a process in which a country overtakes another country or region’s political, economic or social life.  Imperialism was carried out by the powerful European nations against the rest of world in the decades before World War I began.

​NATIONALISM: The fourth and final long-term cause of World War I was the growth of nationalism that occurred in Europe in the decades before World War I and the tensions it caused. Nationalism grows when people share similar beliefs, values, ethnic heritage, relationship to land, language, culture and customs.

• Short Term Cause of First World War .

Answer: Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were assassinated by Serbian Nationalists, which angered Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia which then Russia was an ally to. Germany promising an Alliance to Austria declared war on the Triple Entente. Italy did not follow through alliance Germany and Austria-Hungary had with them and joined the Allies later. The Ottoman Empire joined the CP thinking if they won then they could be more powerful and more recognized as a force to be reckoned with as they were back in industrialism. Bulgaria layer entered the CP in 1917 one year to the wars end. Britain, France, The US, and Italy had won.

• The Effects of World War 1.

The effects of World War 1 are still being felt a century after its conclusion. The specific effects of World War-1 are as follows:

Specific Effects of World War 1:

• WW1 caused the downfall of four monarchies: Germany, Turkey, Austria-Hungary and Russia.
• The war made people more open to other ideologies, such as the Bolsheviks that came to power in Russia and fascism that triumphed in Italy and even later in Germany.
• WW1 largely marked the end of colonialism.
• The war changed the economical balance of the world.
• Inflation shot up in most countries and the German economy was highly affected by having to pay for reparations.
• With all the new weapons that were used, WW1 changed the face of modern warfare forever.
• Social life also changed: People all wanted better living standards.
• WW1 boosted research in technology, because better transport and means of communication gave countries an advantage over their enemies.

* Spanish Tragedy Act-1 Screen -1 Summary.

Answer:

This play is the story of the intense grief, quest for revenge, and eventual insanity of Hieronimo, whose son Horatio is murdered by an ambitious courtier. The play is an example of a medieval genre called the revenge tragedy, in which the naked, murderous ambitions of its central characters are moralistically avenged. The central theme of this play, as was the case with all such tragedies, is the inevitability and rightness of justice.

A Ghost appears, accompanied by a representation of Revenge. The Ghost introduces himself as Andrea and summarizes his life as a Spanish noble, his loving relationship with Bel-Imperia, and how he was slain in battle with Portugal. He also recounts his journey through the various realms of the underworld, where the governing spirits debated what should be done with his soul and eventually sent him to be judged

* Odysseus Character in the Iliad.

Answer:

Once in a war, Odysseus proved to be an invaluable asset for the Greeks. Not only being a skilled warrior, he was also one of the most trusted counselors and advisers. He always championed the Achaean cause, especially when the king was in question. He restored order and morale to the Greek camp. Odysseus aided Diomedes during the successful night operation in order to kill Rhesus' horses, because it had been foretold that if his horses drank from the Scamander river, Troy could not be taken. And after all, it was Odysseus who made it possible for the Greeks to finally conquer the city of Troy. After the nine years of battle, the Greeks were still unable to break the walls of the city. On top of all, Hector and Achilles were already dead and it seemed that the war had reached a stalemate. But Odysseus had other plans. The Greeks pretended to sail from Troy, leaving a huge wooden horse as if it was a gift for the gods for winning the war. In truth they hid their ships on the island of Tenedos, while fifty men, along with Odysseus, hid inside a horse and the rest of the army stayed hidden not far from the city. The Trojans fell for the trap, thinking that the war was over and accepted "the gift for the gods". They broke down the gate walls and brought the horse inside the city and celebrated all day. During the night, when most of the Trojans were wasted, Odysseus and his men sneaked out of the horse, killed the guards and gave a signal to the rest of the Greek army. Trojans were caught by surprise and the Greeks were able to defeat them and claimed the city and, finally after all those years, managed to win the war.

Technological innovations:

New inventions and technologies played an important role in the Industrial Revolution.In the early part of the Industrial Revolution natural power sources such as water and wind were used as power. In 1781 James Watt invented a new type of steam engine that could be used to power machines in factories. One of the first major inventions was the "spinning jenny" invented by James Hargreaves in England in 1764. In 1779, Samuel Crompton made improvements with the "spinning mule." The Industrial Revolution began in with the opening of Slater's Mill. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone which changed the way people communicated forever. The Industrial Revolution brought about the need for improved transportation. In 1853, Elisha Otis invented a safety break for elevators. This allowed for the practical use of elevators enabling buildings to be built much taller. All technological innovations was helping for industrial revolution.

What were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution?

Following were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution:

Social :- The social conditions in France in late 18th century were extremely unequal and exploitative. The clergy and the nobility formed the first two Estates and were the most privileged classes in the French society. They were exempt from payment of taxes to the State. On the other hand, the Third Estate that consisted of peasants and workers formed the majority of the population. They were burdened with excessive taxes with no political and social rights. As a result, they were extremely discontent.

Economic: - As a result of a numerous wars waged by Louis XVI the State coffers were empty. The situation was made even more complex by France’s involvement in the American War of Independence and the faulty system of taxation. While the privileged classes were excused from paying taxes the Third Estate was more and more burdened with them.

Political :- The Bourbon king of France, Louis XVI was an extremely autocratic and weak willed king who led a life of obscene luxury. This led to a lot of disenchantment among the masses who then were leading life of extreme poverty and widespread hunger.

Intellectual:- The 18th century was marked by a conscious refusal by French thinkers of the ‘Divine Rights Theory’. Philosophers like Rousseau, rejected the paradigm of absolute monarchy and promulgated the doctrine of equality of man and sovereignty of people. They played a pivotal role in exposing the fault lines of old political system, i.e. the ancient regime, and articulating the popular discontent.

Caedmon's hymn poem.

Caedmon's Hymn' is one of the three earliest remaining poems in Old English. The hymn, or song of praise, is that God created the heavens and the earth for the enjoyment of men. Caedmon praises God for His creation. Using repetition, he points out twice that God, unlike man, is ternal.  Caedmon's story takes a little from both worlds. He's a cowherd but he doesn't start his  meditating while his cows are mooing. Instead, it takes the divine intervention of an angel to get him started on the poetic life. Thus his story becomes a miracle, a fully Christian miracle, while still  borrowing some themes from the classical past. Not only is Caedmon a "first" in his own right: the first English poet who wrote the first English poem, using new forms and new imagery, the product of a Christian miracle; he is also part of an older history, one of the many artistic she cowherds tending animals and writing poems. This is an exciting, strange, and fascinating poem because it's sitting at an intersection of old and new.

Theme: Based On Religious

In Bede’s poem, “Caedmon’s Hymn”, he demonstrates the major role religion played in the Old English era. “Caedmon’s Hymn” is said to be the oldest poem written in its time, and Caedmon himself is also said to be the first Christian poet. Throughout most of the poem, Bede uses the third person’s perspective in order to further place emphasis on the main theme of the story. After reading, the spread of religion seems to be the overall point. Bede shows the reader how a man living in the norms of society, with good intentions can be granted a chance by the grace of God to take on the sacred duty of spreading his word. Although Caedmon, the main character is introduced as nothing more but an ordinary man in the beginning, he is soon awakened by something great and holy. In a way, he becomes what we might call a hero by overcoming something he’d always avoid.

   

What were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution?

What were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution?

Following were the social, economic, political and intellectual causes of the French Revolution:

Social :- The social conditions in France in late 18th century were extremely unequal and exploitative. The clergy and the nobility formed the first two Estates and were the most privileged classes in the French society. They were exempt from payment of taxes to the State. On the other hand, the Third Estate that consisted of peasants and workers formed the majority of the population. They were burdened with excessive taxes with no political and social rights. As a result, they were extremely discontent.

Economic: - As a result of a numerous wars waged by Louis XVI the State coffers were empty. The situation was made even more complex by France’s involvement in the American War of Independence and the faulty system of taxation. While the privileged classes were excused from paying taxes the Third Estate was more and more burdened with them.

Political :- The Bourbon king of France, Louis XVI was an extremely autocratic and weak willed king who led a life of obscene luxury. This led to a lot of disenchantment among the masses who then were leading life of extreme poverty and widespread hunger.

Intellectual:- The 18th century was marked by a conscious refusal by French thinkers of the ‘Divine Rights Theory’. Philosophers like Rousseau, rejected the paradigm of absolute monarchy and promulgated the doctrine of equality of man and sovereignty of people. They played a pivotal role in exposing the fault lines of old political system, i.e. the ancient regime, and articulating the popular discontent.